{"id":295,"date":"2015-04-06T13:28:58","date_gmt":"2015-04-06T17:28:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/caslabs.case.edu\/medren\/?page_id=295"},"modified":"2017-10-30T10:34:29","modified_gmt":"2017-10-30T14:34:29","slug":"lute-medieval","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/caslabs.case.edu\/medren\/medieval-instruments\/lute-medieval\/","title":{"rendered":"Lute (Medieval)"},"content":{"rendered":"

The lute was pre-eminent in a family of plucked-string instruments which included the mandoline-like citole and the gittern (q.v.), as well as the long-necked Saracen or Moorish guitar. The lute itself was introduced into Europe by the Moors when they invaded Spain in the 8th century, and its popularity received a boost when the Crusades began to increase Arabic contact c. ll00. The name, in fact, probably derives from the Arabic word ud.<\/p>\n

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Plectrum Lute. Marginal decoration from The Hours of Charles the Noble (ca.1404). Cleveland Museum of Art 64.40, fol. 322v.<\/p><\/div>\n

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Plectrum lute. Angel musician from the Reliquary of St Ursula by Hans Memling (ca.1489). Bruges, St John’s Hospital Museum.<\/p><\/div>\n

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<\/div>\n\nhttps:\/\/artscimedia.case.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/146\/2015\/04\/14233255\/03.lute_vielle.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n

Lute with vielle. Forse che si, forse che no: musique de danse du quattrocento. Ferrara Ensemble, dir. Crawford Young. Fonti Musicali Atelier Danse fmd 182 (1989). Trk 2 Lioncello (excerpt).<\/p>\n

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Medieval lutes are shown with four or five courses, or pairs of strings_about half the number of later Renaissance lutes. The main difference from the Renaissance lute, however, is that the medieval variety was played using a quill plectrum on a single line of music. Typically, the right arm of the player comes directly around the end of the instrument (or even up from the bottom), allowing for an easy up-and-down motion of the plectrum.<\/p>\n

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Plectrum lute. The Triumph of the Church over the Synagogue (detail) by a follower of Jan van Eyck (ca. 1430). Madrid, Prado, no. 1511.<\/p><\/div>\n

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Long-necked lute. Single leaf Psalter illumination (detail) of King David (ca.1408). Cleveland Museum of Art, 53.641.<\/p><\/div>\n

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<\/div>\nhttps:\/\/artscimedia.case.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/146\/2017\/10\/27154456\/06.moorish_guitar.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n

Moorish Guitar. The testament of Tristan: songs by Bernart de Ventadorn, troubador to the court of Eleanor of Aquitaine. Martin Best, voice and instruments. Hyperion CDA 66211 (1987).trk 4 Can l’erba (excerpt).<\/p>\n

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Some long-necked lutes are found in medieval paintings as well. These “Moorish guitars” seem to have been especially associated with arabic culture, although they found use in southern Europe as well.<\/p>\n

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Moorish guitar. Manuscript illumination from the Cantigas de Santa Maria (late 13th century). Madrid, Escorial Monastery MS b.I.2.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The lute was pre-eminent in a family of plucked-string instruments which included the mandoline-like citole and the gittern (q.v.), as well as the long-necked Saracen or Moorish guitar. The lute itself was introduced into Europe by the Moors when they invaded Spain in the 8th century, and its popularity received a boost when the Crusades began to increase Arabic contact c. ll00. The name, in fact, probably derives from the Arabic word ud.<\/p>\n

Lute with vielle. Forse che si, forse che no: musique de danse du quattrocento. Ferrara Ensemble, dir. Crawford Young. Fonti Musicali Atelier Danse fmd 182 (1989).<\/p>\n

Continue reading… Lute (Medieval)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":223,"featured_media":0,"parent":277,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"spay_email":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/caslabs.case.edu\/medren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/295"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/caslabs.case.edu\/medren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/caslabs.case.edu\/medren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/caslabs.case.edu\/medren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/223"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/caslabs.case.edu\/medren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=295"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/caslabs.case.edu\/medren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/295\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":700,"href":"https:\/\/caslabs.case.edu\/medren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/295\/revisions\/700"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/caslabs.case.edu\/medren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/277"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/caslabs.case.edu\/medren\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=295"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}